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China central bank reform plan targets high-level financial opening-up_我的网站

一 |     其中，7个超大城市分别是上海、北京、深圳、重庆、广州、成都和天津。位居第一的上海城区人口为1987.3万人，接近2000万大关；分列二、三位的北京和深圳城区人口也都超过了1700万人。14个特大城市分别是武汉、东莞、西安、杭州、佛山、南京、沈阳、青岛、济南、长沙、哈尔滨、郑州、昆明、大连。    

    This photo shows the illuminated Lujiazui in celebration of the New Year in east China's Shanghai, Dec. 31, 2025. (Xinhua/Wang Xiang)The People's Bank of China (PBOC), China's central bank, has issued a reform and development plan for the 2026-2030 period, making work arrangements aimed at accelerating the building of a nation with a strong financial sector and improving the central banking system.
The plan said measures will be taken to "prudently advance high-level financial opening-up," noting efforts will be made to expand the global use of the renminbi in international trade, investment and financing, deepen two-way financial market access, quicken steps to build Shanghai into an international financial center and enhance the role of Hong Kong as a global financial center.
As part of the opening-up drive, the PBOC will enhance the multi-tiered and broad-coverage Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS) and push forward the development of offshore renminbi markets.
On the domestic monetary policy front, the plan sets out to build a more scientific and robust framework by refining the modern monetary policy system with Chinese characteristics, improving the base-money issuance mechanism, and making better use of both aggregate and structural tools.
It stresses the need to enhance market-based interest rate formation, transmission, and adjustment mechanisms, while allowing the market to play a decisive role in exchange-rate determination and keeping the renminbi broadly stable at a reasonable and equilibrium level.
To fortify financial stability, the central bank will expand the coverage of macro-prudential management, enrich its policy toolkit, and establish a monitoring and evaluation system to mitigate systemic risks in key areas.
A major pillar of the plan is to strengthen the real economy's access to quality financial services. The PBOC has pledged to build a precise and effective policy system to support major strategies, key sectors, and address weak links. This includes developing a financial system tailored to scientific and technological innovation. It also aims to enhance green and low-carbon financing, expand inclusive finance, improve the pension finance system and accelerate digital finance.
Looking ahead to the 2026-2030 period, the PBOC says it will ensure all measures in the plan are executed effectively to boost China's strength in finance and support high-quality economic development.
。其中，2020年武汉城区人口已经达到了995.3万人，是距离超大城市门槛最近的特大城市。随着我国人口加速向大都市圈流动，未来城区人口超过千万的超大城市将越来越多。14个Ⅰ型大城市分别是南宁、石家庄、厦门、太原、苏州、贵阳、合肥、乌鲁木齐、宁波、无锡、福州、长春、南昌、常州。其中，南宁、石家庄、厦门、太原、苏州距离特大城市的门槛较近，是我国特大城市的主要后备军。71个Ⅱ型大城市则包括了5个省会城市、62个普通地级市和4个县级市。4个县级市分别是江苏的昆山、浙江的义乌和慈溪、福建的晋江，全部来自东南沿海地区。从数量上看，这些县级市的城区人口规模已经超过了全国约四分之三的地级市。义乌更是成为全国唯一一个城区人口规模超过所在地级市的县级市。未来还有多个城市城区人口有望超过百万大关，进入到大城市行列。第一财经记者梳理发现，包括泰州、瑞安、嘉兴、平顶山、安阳、曲靖的城区人口均超过了97万，其中安阳市更是达到了99.1万人，平顶山市也达到了99万人，嘉兴市达到了98.8万人。同我国的人口分布一样，106个大城市也主要是分布在“胡焕庸线”以东。从大的区域来看，东部地区共有54个，占比达51%；中部地区和西部地区各有21个；东北地区共有10个。分省份来看，第二经济大省江苏最多，达到11个，包括10个设区市和昆山这个县级市，其省会城市南京的城区人口达791.5万人，处于特大城市行列。江苏的大城市为何最多？中国社科院城市发展与环境研究中心研究员牛凤瑞对第一财经分析，江苏地理面貌以平原为主，人口密度大，加上经济发达，吸引了大量人口流入，尤其是苏南地区的城市人口增长快。另一方面，江苏原有的城市化和工业化水平比较高，基础比较好。江苏之后，第一经济大省广东和第三经济大省山东各有10个。其中，广东的10个城市中，有8个位于珠三角。广东拥有深圳和广州两个城区人口超千万的超大城市，以及东莞和佛山两个特大城市。广东省体制改革研究会执行会长彭澎对第一财经分析，珠三角经济发达，就业岗位特别多，吸引了大量的人口流入，在珠三角有限的空间下，也容易形成大城市。

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